{"id":80,"date":"2026-06-02T08:09:35","date_gmt":"2026-06-02T08:09:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gigz.pk\/javaapp\/?post_type=lesson&p=80"},"modified":"2026-06-05T11:06:53","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T11:06:53","slug":"if-else-if-else","status":"publish","type":"lesson","link":"https:\/\/gigz.pk\/javaapp\/?lesson=if-else-if-else","title":{"rendered":"if, else if, else"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The if, else if, and else statements<\/strong> in Java are used for decision-making and controlling the flow of a program. These conditional statements allow a program to execute different blocks of code based on whether specific conditions are true or false.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

They are among the most important concepts in Java programming because they help create interactive applications that can respond to user input and changing conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is an if Statement?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The if statement<\/strong> is used to execute a block of code only when a specified condition is true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syntax<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
if (condition) {\n    \/\/ code to execute\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Example<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
int age = 18;\n\nif (age >= 18) {\n    System.out.println(\"You are eligible to vote\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
You are eligible to vote<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Since the condition is true, the code inside the if block is executed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is an else Statement?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The else statement<\/strong> provides an alternative block of code that runs when the if condition is false.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
if (condition) {\n    \/\/ code if condition is true\n} else {\n    \/\/ code if condition is false\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Example<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
int age = 16;\n\nif (age >= 18) {\n    System.out.println(\"Eligible\");\n} else {\n    System.out.println(\"Not Eligible\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Not Eligible<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The else block executes because the condition is false.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is an else if Statement?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The else if statement<\/strong> is used to test multiple conditions in sequence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
When the first condition is false, Java checks the next condition. This process continues until a true condition is found.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Syntax<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
if (condition1) {\n    \/\/ code\n} else if (condition2) {\n    \/\/ code\n} else {\n    \/\/ code\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Example<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
int marks = 75;\n\nif (marks >= 90) {\n    System.out.println(\"A Grade\");\n} else if (marks >= 70) {\n    System.out.println(\"B Grade\");\n} else if (marks >= 50) {\n    System.out.println(\"C Grade\");\n} else {\n    System.out.println(\"Fail\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
B Grade<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The second condition is true, so Java executes that block and skips the remaining conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
How if, else if, else Works<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The program evaluates conditions from top to bottom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Check the if condition.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. If true, execute the block and stop.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. If false, check the next else if condition.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Continue until a true condition is found.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. If no condition is true, execute the else block.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    This process helps programs make logical decisions efficiently.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Example of Multiple Conditions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    int temperature = 35;\n\nif (temperature > 40) {\n    System.out.println(\"Very Hot\");\n} else if (temperature > 30) {\n    System.out.println(\"Hot\");\n} else if (temperature > 20) {\n    System.out.println(\"Warm\");\n} else {\n    System.out.println(\"Cold\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Hot<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    The temperature falls within the second condition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Nested if Statements<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Java allows placing an if statement inside another if statement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Example<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    int age = 20;\nboolean hasLicense = true;\n\nif (age >= 18) {\n\n    if (hasLicense) {\n        System.out.println(\"Can Drive\");\n    }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Can Drive<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    Nested conditions are useful when multiple checks are required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Real-World Example<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    Login System<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    String username = \"admin\";\nString password = \"1234\";\n\nif (username.equals(\"admin\") && password.equals(\"1234\")) {\n    System.out.println(\"Login Successful\");\n} else {\n    System.out.println(\"Invalid Credentials\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    Output<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    Login Successful<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
    Conditional statements are commonly used in authentication and security systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    Applications of if, else if, else<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    These statements are widely used in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n