A module is a file that contains Python code (functions, variables, classes) which can be reused in other programs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Importing modules helps you:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A module can be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
math<\/code>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n- A user-defined Python file<\/li>\n\n\n\n
- A third-party library<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Example: math.py<\/code> is a built-in module that provides mathematical functions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n1. BASIC IMPORT<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nimport mathprint(math.sqrt(16))<\/pre>\n\n\n\nHere, we import the math<\/code> module and use sqrt()<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nOutput:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4.0<\/pre>\n\n\n\n2. IMPORT SPECIFIC FUNCTION<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nInstead of importing the whole module, you can import specific functions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
from math import sqrtprint(sqrt(25))<\/pre>\n\n\n\nNow you don\u2019t need to write math.sqrt()<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n3. IMPORT MULTIPLE ITEMS<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nfrom math import sqrt, piprint(sqrt(9))
print(pi)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n4. USING ALIAS (AS)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nYou can rename a module using as<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\nimport math as mprint(m.sqrt(36))<\/pre>\n\n\n\nThis is useful for long module names.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5. IMPORT ALL FUNCTIONS<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nfrom math import *print(sqrt(49))<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\u26a0 Not recommended in large programs because it can cause name conflicts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
6. IMPORTING USER-DEFINED MODULE<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nSuppose you have a file named my_module.py<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\ndef greet(name):
return \"Hello \" + name<\/pre>\n\n\n\nIn another file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
import my_moduleprint(my_module.greet(\"Hira\"))<\/pre>\n\n\n\nBoth files must be in the same folder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
7. COMMON BUILT-IN MODULES<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\nmath<\/code> \u2192 Mathematical functions<\/li>\n\n\n\nrandom<\/code> \u2192 Random numbers<\/li>\n\n\n\ndatetime<\/code> \u2192 Date and time<\/li>\n\n\n\nos<\/code> \u2192 Operating system functions<\/li>\n\n\n\nsys<\/code> \u2192 System-specific parameters<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\nExample:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
import randomprint(random.randint(1, 10))<\/pre>\n\n\n\nWHY IMPORT MODULES?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u2022 Avoid rewriting code
\u2022 Keep code organized
\u2022 Use powerful built-in tools
\u2022 Build scalable applications<\/p>\n\n\n\n
KEY TAKEAWAYS<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u2022 Use import module_name<\/code> for full module
\u2022 Use from module import item<\/code> for specific function
\u2022 Use as<\/code> for alias
\u2022 Avoid import *<\/code> in large projects<\/p>\n\n\n\nImporting modules is essential for writing efficient and professional Python programs.<\/p>\n\n\n