Base R provides built-in functions to create a variety of plots and visualizations without the need for additional packages. These functions are essential for quickly exploring and presenting your data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Histograms show the distribution of a numeric variable:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Parameters:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Boxplots show data spread, median, and outliers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bar plots visualize categorical data counts or values:<\/p>\n\n\n\n You can enhance plots using additional functions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n To display multiple plots in one window:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Base R plotting functions are simple yet powerful tools for quick data visualization. Functions like <\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\nplot()<\/code> function is the most versatile base R plotting function. It can be used for scatter plots, line plots, and more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n# Scatter plot
x <- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
y <- c(2, 4, 6, 8, 10)
plot(x, y, main=\"Scatter Plot\", xlab=\"X Axis\", ylab=\"Y Axis\", col=\"blue\", pch=19)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
main<\/code>: Plot title<\/li>\n\n\n\nxlab<\/code>, ylab<\/code>: Axis labels<\/li>\n\n\n\ncol<\/code>: Color of points<\/li>\n\n\n\npch<\/code>: Point type<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n2. Line Plots with type=”l”<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
plot(x, y, type=\"l\", main=\"Line Plot\", col=\"red\", lwd=2)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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type=\"l\"<\/code>: Line plot<\/li>\n\n\n\nlwd<\/code>: Line width<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n3. Histogram with hist()<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
scores <- c(90, 85, 88, 92, 75, 80, 95)
hist(scores, main=\"Score Distribution\", xlab=\"Scores\", col=\"lightgreen\", breaks=5)<\/pre>\n\n\n\n\n
breaks<\/code>: Number of bins<\/li>\n\n\n\ncol<\/code>: Fill color<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n4. Boxplot with boxplot()<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
boxplot(scores, main=\"Score Boxplot\", ylab=\"Scores\", col=\"orange\")<\/pre>\n\n\n\n
5. Bar Plot with barplot()<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
names <- c(\"Alice\", \"Bob\", \"Charlie\")
heights <- c(5, 7, 6)
barplot(heights, names.arg=names, main=\"Bar Plot Example\", col=\"skyblue\")<\/pre>\n\n\n\n6. Adding Customizations<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
plot(x, y, main=\"Customized Plot\", xlab=\"X\", ylab=\"Y\", col=\"purple\", pch=16)
abline(h=5, col=\"red\", lty=2) # Add horizontal line
abline(v=3, col=\"green\", lty=3) # Add vertical line
text(4, 8, \"Point (4,8)\", col=\"blue\") # Add text annotation<\/pre>\n\n\n\n7. Multiple Plots with par()<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
par(mfrow=c(2,2)) # 2x2 layout
plot(x, y)
hist(scores)
boxplot(scores)
barplot(heights, names.arg=names)
par(mfrow=c(1,1)) # Reset layout<\/pre>\n\n\n\nConclusion<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n
plot()<\/code>, hist()<\/code>, boxplot()<\/code>, and barplot()<\/code> allow you to explore your data and present results effectively. Mastering these functions lays the foundation for more advanced plotting with packages like ggplot2<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n